Steam-boiler economizer.



LQSQL D. S. JAGUBUS.

STEAM BOILER ECONOMIZER.

APPucATioN FILED uwe. 1914A Patented Mm. 13, 1917.

2 SHEE] S-SHEET l.

i g l D. S. JACOBUS. STEAM BolLER ECONOMIZER.

y APPLICATON HLED DEC. 8. 15H41 I n l ,21 Ql. Patented Mar. 13, 191 1.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2y 6 @In MW@ /CWBLd/Off u www oH/vEy/a'/ DAVID s. JAcoBUs, or JERSEY CITY,

wILcox COMPANY, or BAYONNE, NEW

STEAM-BOITIER ECONOMIZER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Managt?.

Application l'ed December 8, 1914. Serial No. 876,014.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID S. JAcoUs, a citizen of the United States, residing in Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam- Boiler Economizers, of which the following is a specification.

The presence of air and gases in boiler feed water is a well recognized cause of corrosion in both boilers and economizers, and the general practice, heretofore, has been to use cast iron in economizer construction because of its less liability to corrosion over wrought iron or wrought steel. The tendency of modern power plant practice is toward large size boiler units and high overloads, and to meet such requirements it is of importance that the boiler feed water Shall be of a high degree of purity. This has led to the practice of cutting down the amount of water containing impurities in solution to' avoid the formation of scale in the tubes, and to increase the amount of distilled water from the hot well. The purer the water the greater, in general, is the tendency to corrosion through the contained air and gasses. Because of the high steam pressures obtaining under present practice, a stronger unit than is possible with cast iron is demanded in the economizer. This demand can be met by the use of wrought iron or wrought steel, but the disadvantage of such material is its greater liability to corrosion. I have reduced this liability to corrosion by heating the water, then withdrawing it from the heating apparatus, and permitting air or other gases to escape before this water is fed to the economizers or parts thereof, as described in my copending application No. 7 84,315, filed August 12, 1913.

The present invention embodies the same principle and is designed to simplify and cheapen the initial cost as well as the operating expense, by providing a common tank for several boilers in which air or other gases are allowed to escape from the heated water, this water then being distributed to the economizers of the boilers or to parts of said economizers. The apparatus employed for heating the water before passing into the common tank may be either low pressure stages of the economizers themselves or may be separate heating apparatus independent of the waste gases of the boilers.

In the present drawings I have illustrated a form of tfhe former method of heating is provided The present invention will be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view, in side elevation, of a plant in which the economizers are placed in pairs above the boilers, one of the two economizers shown in Fig. 9. being removed; and Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of the entire arrangement for two boilers. Similar reference numerals indicate similar parts in the several vlews.

The general arrangement of the boilers and economizers is substantially the same as that disclosed in United States Patent No. 1,048,739, dated December 31, 1912, that is, the plant may have any number of boilers which may be arranged in two lines in pairs, a pair of opposite boilers constituting a unit. As shown, the two boilers 1 and 2 are set back to back, although this is not essential as the firing doors may be at the front, rear or sides, as may be desired, in any particular installation. Also the boilers may be set with no space between them. The boilers are shown as having transverse steam and water drums 3 and 4 respectively. Placed side by side above the boilers, and spanning any space that may be between them, are two economizers each comprising a low pressure stage 5 and a high pressure stage G, the location of the stages being reversed relatively to each other. The waste furnace gases escape through iues or casings 7 in which the economizers are located. A fan 8 provides the necessary draft suction and delivers the gases to the flue connections or stacks 9. The economizers are so arranged in the lues or casings 7 that the high pressure stage is subjected to the hottest gases, and the low pressure stage to the coldest gases, and, as shown, in Fig. 2, the waste gases from boiler 1 flow through its economizer in an opposite direction to the flow of gases from boiler 2 through its economizer.

The water from the hot well, or other source, enters through pipe 10 and is distributed through branch connections 11, each having a controlling valve 11', to the my invention in which.

steam and water drum 3.

low pressure stages 5. The outlets from the low pressure stages are valved "controlled branches 12 leading to a common pipe 13 which delivers the 'water to a tank `14. Thermometers 12 are placed in the pipes 12 for measuring the temperature of the `water passing from the low pressure 'stages through said pipes. The tank 14 is shown as having a series of perforated plates 15 over and through which the water is caused to flow, tobreak it up, and to assist in the separation of the air and gases therefrom. In the bottom of the tank is a filter 16, the water after passing through the filter flowing through a pipe 17 to the feed pump 18. By the latter the water is forced through pipe 19 and branch connections 20 into the high pressure stages of the economizers, against the boiler pressure. From the high pressure stages the water Aflows through pipes 21 to the steam and water drum of the corresponding boiler; that is, as seen in plan in Fig. 2, the upper economizer, `with reference to the drawing, is heated by the waste gases from boiler 1, and the water is delivered from the high pressure stage to the The lower economizer is heated by waste gases from boiler 2 and the water from the high pressure stage of the economizer is delivered to the steam and water drum 4. A dry vacuum pump 22 is connected to tank 14 by a pipe 23, by which means any desired pressure below that of the atmosphere may be maintained in the tank to assist in the disengagement of the air and gases from the Water, and to effect their removal from the tank. The sediment collected in tank 14 may be blown ofi' through a connection 24. The valves 20 in the connections from the feed pumpto the high pressure stages of the economizers may be employed for adjusting the amount of feed water, or for closing off the high pressure stages of either or both boilers.

The pipes 10, 13 and 19 are shown as openended to indicate that more than two boilers may be included in the plant.

s the pressure in the low pressure stages is comparatively low, I am enabled to use cast iron in the construction of said stages and thereby obtain the advantage of cast iron because of its less liability to corrosion.

s the pressure in the high pressure stages 6 is the same or higher than that of the boiler, I employ wrought iron or wrought steel in the construction of said stages, thereby obtaining the advantage of the stronger unit which will be practically free from corrosion by reason of the elimination of the air and gases from the water.

By employing a common tank 14 for a number-of two-stage economizers it is possible to use a single common feed pump for all of the boilers, obtaining thereby the advantage of operating economy of a single large feed pump ovei.' several small feed pumps. Where a common tank is used a method of operation" must be employed to obtain the best results where the temperature of the water, leaving the low pressure stages of the economizers, may be used as a guide for regulating the amount of the Water flowing through the low pressure stages. Should there be no such regulation the amount of water flowing through the low pressure stages might vary to the extent which would cause the water from one low pressure stage tobe much hotter than that from another. The best efficiency results will be secured by keeping the temperatures leaving the low pressure stages at nearly the same point, or at certain given points for various capacities developed by the boilers.

he arrangement of the economizers and the boilers may be varied as well as their relation to each other. The connections may be changed. Any desirable type of boilers and economizers may be employed and other changes may be made without departing from the invention as defined in my claims, since I consider myself the first to heat the boiler feed water for a plurality of boilers, deliver said heated water to a common tank or vessel, allow the air or other gases to escape therefrom and then distribute said water to economizers or economizer sections for said boilers.

` What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In combination, a plurality of boilers, a plurality of eeonomizers each having high and low pressure sections, means for maintaining the Water in the sections of each economizer at different pressures, -means for conducting the water heated in the low pressure sections to a common tank or receptacle arranged to permit the escape of air or gases from the water, and means for forcing the Water from said tank or receptacle to the several high pressure Asections of the economizers and from the latter to the boilers.

2. In combination, a plurality of boilers, an economizer for each boiler having high and low pressure sections, means for maintaining the water in the sections of each economizer at different pressures, means for conducting the water heated in the low pressure sections to a common tank or receptacle arranged to permit the escape of air or gases from the water, and a pump for forcing the water from said tank or receptacle to the several high pressure-sections o f the economizers and from the latter to the boilers.

3. In combination, a plurality of boilers, an economizer for each boiler located in the corresponding outlet flue and having high and low pressure sections so arranged that the waste gases first contact with the high pressure sections and then with the low pressure section, means for conducting the Water heated in the low pressure sections to a common tank or receptacle arrangedI to permit the escape of air or gases from the water, and means `for forcing the Water from said tank or receptacle to the several high pressure sections of the economizers and from the latter to the boilers.

4. A boiler unit comprising two boilers, an econoinizer for each boiler placed above and spanning the boilers, each of said economizers comprising a high pressure and a low pressure stage, a tank in which the air and gases in the water are permitted to escape, means for conducting the boiler feed Water from the low pressure stages to said tank, and means for distributing the Water from said tank to the high pressure stages and from the latter to the boilers.

5. A. boiler unit comprising two boilers, an econoniizer for each boiler placed above and spanning the boilers, each of said economizers comprising a high pressure and a low pressure stage, a tank in which the air and gases in the water are permitted to escape, means for conducting the boilcr feed water from the low pressure stages to said tank, means for distributing the water from said tank to the high pressure stages and from the latter to the boilers, and lues in which the economizers are located for conducting the gases from the boilers through the economizers in opposite directions.

6. A boiler unit comprising two boilers, an economizer for each boiler placed above and spanning the boilers, each of said economizers comprising a high pressure and a low pressure stage, a tank in which the air and gases in the Water are permitted to escape, means for conducting the boiler feed water from the 10W pressure stages to said tank, means for distributing the water from said tank to the high pressure stages and from the latter to the boilers, and iues in Which the economizers are located for conducting the gases from the boilers through the economizers in opposite directions, the outlet of each economizer being at a point above the other boiler.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DAVID S. JACOBUS.

Witnesses M. E. MCNiNcH, CHARLES S. JoNEs. 

